Why is FastAPI Lighter Than Django? A Comparative Analysis for Beginners

This article focuses on "lightweight" frameworks, comparing the core differences between FastAPI and Django. "Lightweight" refers to simple configuration, minimal code, a gentle learning curve, and focused functionality. FastAPI is a typical representative, while Django is a full-stack framework with comprehensive features but is not considered lightweight. FastAPI's lightness is evident in: minimal dependencies (only `fastapi` and `uvicorn` are required), concise code (API can be written in just a few lines), functionality focused on API development (no redundant features like an Admin backend), automatic generation of interactive API documentation (Swagger UI and ReDoc), and native support for asynchronous programming. As a full-stack framework, Django offers comprehensive features (ORM, Admin, forms, etc.), but it has a complex structure for beginners (requiring multiple steps such as project creation, app setup, and route configuration), a steep learning curve, scattered files, and is prone to distracting users with irrelevant functionalities. Beginners should choose based on their needs: FastAPI is suitable for rapid API development (e.g., backend interfaces, microservices), while Django is ideal for full-stack projects (e.g., e-commerce, CMS). Lightweight does not mean having fewer features; rather, it emphasizes focus and simplicity. FastAPI is the best entry tool for API beginners.