Java Exception Handling with try-catch: Catching Errors for a Robust Program

This article introduces the core knowledge of Java exception handling. An exception is an unexpected event during program execution (such as division by zero or null pointer), which will cause the program to crash if unhandled; however, handling exceptions allows the program to run stably. A core tool is the try-catch structure: code that may throw exceptions is placed in the try block, and when an exception occurs, it is caught and processed by the catch block, after which the subsequent code continues to execute. Common exceptions include ArithmeticException (division by zero), NullPointerException (null pointer), and ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException (array index out of bounds). The methods to handle them are parameter checking or using try-catch. The finally block executes regardless of whether an exception occurs and is used to release resources (such as closing files). Best practices: Catch specific exceptions rather than ignoring them (at least print the stack trace), and reasonably use finally to close resources. Through try-catch, programs can handle errors and become more robust and reliable.