A Guide to Using `exports` and `require` in Node.js Module System

The Node.js module system enables code reuse, organization, and avoids global pollution by splitting files. Each .js file is an independent module; content inside is private by default and must be exposed via exports. Exports can be done through `exports` (mounting properties) or `module.exports` (directly assigning an object), with the latter being the recommended approach (as `exports` is a reference to it). Imports use `require`, with local modules requiring relative paths and third-party modules directly using package names. Mastering export and import is fundamental to Node.js development and enhances code organization capabilities.